Hnav-resistant phaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb steel yam uas yuav tsum tau hnav siab. Rau forgings ua los ntawm cov hlau no, nws yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej siv dav dav nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo ntawm lub zog thiab toughness. Vim tias nws nyuaj rau kev paub txog cov cuab yeej siv tam sim no, cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, nws yooj yim ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm qee qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm tempering. Cov khoom no muaj cov yam ntxwv pom tseeb piv nrog rau lwm qhov chaw. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev ua tiav cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. .
Feem ntau hais lus, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm forging quenching thiab tempering kho muaj xws li:
(1) Cov khoom sib cais. Hnav-resistant phaj yog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau. Tom qab kev kub siab ua haujlwm (forging, dov), cov khoom sib cais tseem tseem nyob. Tom qab quenching ntawm 860 degree, B + M sib xyaw qauv yuav tshwm sim, thiab qhov cuam tshuam toughness ntawm B yog qhov tsis zoo. Qhov kev sib cais no tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov qauv annealed. pom nyob rau hauv. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev sib cais lub zog spectrum tsom xam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov qhab-zoo li cov khoom ntawm cov phaj hnav-tiv taus uas Mo cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv ferrite band yog 5 mus rau 6 npaug siab dua li ntawm pearlite band, thiab kev txhawb nqa. ntawm
qee cov ntsiab lus hauv cov kab txaij sib cais yog qhov hnyav heev.
(2) Gases and inclusions. Wear-resistant plates, especially raw materials with large cross-sections, inevitably contain gases and inclusions. For wear-resistant plates, due to the segregation of carbon and alloy elements, even if the residual hydrogen content is 1.5 to 2.0 ppm, it may cause forgings to Cracks occur at the segregation point. In addition, the presence of aluminum element is also harmful to steel: in acid steel, when the aluminum content is >0.005%, aluminum forms oxides with sharp angles during deoxidation, which will greatly reduce the plasticity of this steel; in alkaline steel , when the aluminum content is >0.1%, txhuas cov ntaub ntawv txhuas nitride faib raws cov lis ciam teb hauv cov hlau, txo cov chav tsev kub plasticity ntawm cov hlau.
(3) Forging kub. Vim yog kev sib cais hauv cov phaj hnav-tiv taus, thaum lub phaj hnav-resistant yog rhuab ze rau ntawm cov kab solidus nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw oxidizing, piv txwv li, qhov pib forging kub ntawm lub phaj hnav-resistant yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1200 thiab 1220 degree, thiab precipitates. los yog impurities yuav raug tsim yog tias qhov kub siab txuas ntxiv mus ntev dhau. thiab lwm yam, cov kab lis kev cai sib cais yuav pib yaj vim lawv cov ntsiab lus melting tsawg. Oxygen invades los ntawm melted grain ciam teb thiab tsim oxides nyob rau hauv lub grain ciam teb. Qhov no yuav ua rau lub zos overburning thiab tsim ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem loj hauv kev ua thermal tom ntej.
(4) Forging ratio. Thaum lub forging piv tsis txaus, qhov chaw deformation ntawm lub workpiece yog me me, thiab kev sib cais thiab cov qauv cam khwb cia ntawm cov hlau ingot tseem yog ib feem. Cov kev tsis xws luag xws li kev sib cais, porosity, thiab micropores hauv cov hlau, thiab cov nplej ntxhib kuj yog qhov tsis xws luag. Yog tias qhov sib piv forging loj dhau lawm, anisotropy ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab yuav nce thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv yuav txo qis.
Kev sim tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias vim muaj teeb meem hauv cov txheej txheem forging, txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, thiab lwm yam, cov phaj hnav-tiv taus tau txais cov qauv sib xyaw thiab cov kev ntxhov siab nyuaj tom qab quenching, thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm feem ntau tawg hauv batch lossis loj; Cov phaj hnav-resistant forgings yog rhuab nyob rau hauv lub Ac1 ~ Ac3 ob-theem cheeb tsam Tom qab quenching, ib tug composite qauv ntawm martensite thiab ferrite yog tau, uas tshem tawm cov kab nrib pleb uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov pa quenched tawg tawg nto. Cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm martensite thiab ferrite muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub zog thiab toughness; tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi hnav-resistant phaj yog siv rau Cov kev cuam tshuam toughness tom qab sub-kub quenching thiab high-temperature tempering nyob rau hauv thawj lub xeev yog ho zoo dua li cov pa quenching thiab tempering; Nws yog qhov txhim khu kev qha ntau dua los siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntau lub hom phiaj rau isothermal quenching thiab high-temperature tempering rau yooj yim tawg forgings.
