Cov vuam ntawm hnav- cov hlau tsis muaj zog yuav tsum xav txog cov txheej txheem vuam tsim thiab kov yeej cov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov txias thiab cua sov thaum lub sij hawm vuam. Shrinkage tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm, tab sis nws tuaj yeem tswj tau. Cov hau kev los tiv thaiv thiab txo cov vuam deformation ntawm hnav-cov hlau resistant yog raws li nram no.
1. Tsis txhob dhau - solder
Ntau cov hlau filling yuav tsim ntau dua deformation quab yuam ntawm qhov chaw vuam. Kev tsim kho qhov loj me me tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tau txais cov vuam me me deformation, tab sis kuj txuag cov khoom siv vuam thiab sijhawm. Filler welds yuav tsum muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov hlau vuam, thiab cov vuam yuav tsum tiaj tus los yog me ntsis convex, nrog cov hlau weld ntau dhau tsis ntxiv zog. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws yuav ua rau kom lub zog shrinkage thiab ua kom cov vuam deformation.
2. Kev sib tshuam weld
Lwm txoj hauv kev los txo tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv vuam yog siv cov vuam sib txuas ntau dua. Xws li welding siab - lub zog daim hlau, sib quas ntus welding tuaj yeem txo 75% ntawm cov vuam filling, thaum tseem ua kom ntseeg tau lub zog xav tau.
3. Txo cov hlaws weld
Vuam nrog cov xaim tuab thiab tsawg dhau yog tsis tshua muaj deformed dua vuam nrog nyias hlau thiab ntau dhau. Qhov sib sau ua ke tshwm sim los ntawm txhua qhov hla hauv ntau qhov kev hla ntxiv rau tag nrho cov shrinkage ntawm cov weld. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab uas cov txheej txheem vuam nrog tsawg dua weld hla thiab tuab electrodes yog qhov zoo dua li cov txheej txheem vuam nrog ntau qhov vuam hla thiab nyias electrodes.
Lus Cim: Cov txheej txheem welding ntawm tuab welding hlau, ob peb hla los yog nyias vuam hlau thiab ntau dhau nyob ntawm cov khoom siv. Feem ntau, cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau thiab 16Mn yog tsim rau cov hlau vuam tuab thiab ob peb hla, thiab cov hlau tsis muaj steel thiab cov pa roj carbon zoo yog tsim rau kev vuam zoo. Vuam hlau, multi- hla vuam
4. Anti-kev siv tshuab deformation
Ua ntej welding, cov khoom yog pre- khoov los yog inclined mus rau qhov opposite kev taw qhia ntawm vuam deformation (tshwj tsis yog rau overhead welding los yog ntsug welding). Tus nqi preset ntawm anti-deformation yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm kev sim. Ua ntej- khoov, ua ntej- teeb lossis ua ntej- arched welded qhov chaw yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los tiv thaiv weld stresses nrog kev tawm tsam cov neeg kho tshuab. Thaum lub workpiece yog preset, ib tug deformation tshwm sim uas ua rau lub workpiece tawm tsam lub shrinkage kev nyuaj siab ntawm weld. Lub preset deformation ua ntej welding thiab deformation tom qab vuam tshem tawm ib leeg, yog li ntawd lub vuam workpiece ua ib lub dav hlau zoo tagnrho.
Lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ntsuas lub zog shrinkage yog tso cov welded tib yam workpieces opposite ib leeg thiab clamp lawv. Txoj kev no tseem tuaj yeem siv rau ua ntej - dabtsi yog khoov, thiab cov npoo tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tsim nyog ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm ua ntej clamping.
Tshwj xeeb hnyav- lub luag haujlwm welding workpieces tuaj yeem tsim lub zog sib npaug ntawm lawv tus kheej rigidity lossis kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom. Yog tias cov kev sib npaug no tsis raug tsim tawm, lwm txoj hauv kev yuav tsum tau siv los sib npaug ntawm lub zog shrinkage ntawm cov khoom siv vuam kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm ib leeg. Lub zog sib npaug tuaj yeem yog lwm qhov shrinkage quab yuam, lub zog siv hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm kev siv cov khoom sib dhos, qhov kev txwv quab yuam tsim los ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom sib dhos thiab vuam ntawm cov khoom, thiab cov kev txwv quab yuam tsim los ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus.
5. Vuam ib ntus
Txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog sib dhos ua ke raws li cov qauv ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm, kom cov qauv workpiece shrinks ntawm tib txoj hauj lwm. Ua ob -sab grooves ntawm qhov chaw thiab axis ntawm lub workpiece, txais yuav multi- txheej vuam, thiab txiav txim seb qhov sib lawv liag ntawm ob - sab vuam. Nrog kev sib tshuam welding nyob rau hauv fillet welds, lub shrinkage nyob rau hauv lub 1st weld yog sib npaug los ntawm lub shrinkage nyob rau hauv lub thib ob weld. Fixtures tuaj yeem kho lub workpiece ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm txoj haujlwm, ua kom nruj thiab txo qhov vuam deformation. Txoj kev no yog siv dav hauv kev vuam ntawm cov khoom me me lossis cov khoom me me. Vim muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog rau cov qauv qis- carbon steel nrog cov yas zoo dua.
6. Tshem tawm lub zog shrinkage tom qab vuam
Percussion yog ib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv lub zog shrinkage ntawm weld, raws li cov weld txias. Lub percussion yuav stretch lub weld thiab ua thinner, yog li relieving cov kev nyuaj siab (elastic deformation). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv txoj kev no, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub hauv paus ntawm lub vuam tsis tuaj yeem raug khob, thiab cov kab nrib pleb yuav tshwm sim thaum khob. Percussion feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm capping welds.
Vim hais tias, txheej txheej txheej txheej yuav muaj cov kab nrib pleb, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev tshawb nrhiav vuam thiab tsim cov nyhuv hardening. Yog li ntawd, kev siv thev naus laus zis yog txwv, thiab tseem muaj qee qhov yuav tsum tau tawm tsam tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntau- txheej weld hlaws (tshwj tsis yog hauv paus hla thiab hau vuam) hauv cov hlaws percussion los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm deformation lossis tawg. Kev kho cua sov kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev los tshem tawm lub zog shrinkage, tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub workpiece; Qee lub sij hawm tib lub workpiece yog clamped thiab welded rov qab mus rau sab nraud, thiab qhov kev ntxhov siab raug tshem tawm nrog qhov kev ua kom ncaj no kom txo tau qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
7. Txo lub sijhawm vuam
Cov cua sov thiab cua txias tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm soldering, thiab nws yuav siv sij hawm los hloov cov cua sov. Yog li ntawd, lub sij hawm tseem ceeb kuj cuam tshuam rau deformation. Feem ntau, nws yog ntshaw kom ua kom tiav qhov vuam kom sai li sai tau ua ntej lub workpiece loj hlob tuaj vim cua sov. Cov txheej txheem vuam, xws li hom thiab qhov loj ntawm cov electrode, vuam tam sim no, vuam ceev, thiab lwm yam, cuam tshuam rau qib ntawm shrinkage thiab deformation ntawm welded workpiece. Kev siv cov cuab yeej siv tshuab vuam yuav txo tau lub sij hawm vuam thiab tus nqi ntawm deformation los ntawm tshav kub.
